Examples of Applications	Leak Rate (mbar·l/sec)	Time for one 2mm bubble to form	Method	Description
Charge air coolers, exhaust systems, injector tips, pneumatics	1×10-1	24 bubbles per second – bubble stream	Charge product with gas, allow time to stabilise and check for pressure drop. Simple and cost effective for small components with relatively high leak rates which are not temperature sensitive.	Pressure Decay
Taps, domestic radiators, automotive radiators, automotive heater cores	1×10-2	2.4 bubbles per second – slow bubble stream
Heater cores, charge air coolers, radiators	1×10-3	4 seconds per bubble, sporadic bubbles can be identified with care	Innovative technique using helium tracer gas but inside an enclosure so that the accumulation of helium is measured. The advantages of non-temperature dependence and better sensitivity of hard vacuum system at a much lower cost.	Accumulation
Alloy wheels, shock absorbers, EGR coolers	1×10-4	50 seconds per bubble, technician only with lighting
Petrol tanks, condensers, evaporators, refrigeration, compressors	1×10-5	8.49 bubbles per hour – in practise the hole usually blocks	Using a sniff test probe to measure leak rates at specific joints or connections. Ideal for checking assembled systems where components have already been tested or products with defined leak points. Helium or multi-gas systems offered.	Sniff Testing
SF 6 switch gear, gas meters, air bags, butane filled components	1×10-6	0.85 bubbles per hour – in practise the hole usually blocks
Virus containment, fire extinguishers, aerospace industry, pharma/medical packaging	1×10-7	2.04 bubbles per day	The part is tested inside a hard vacuum chamber with a helium mass spectrometer. Checks all joints with very high levels of sensitivity and reliability – the standard method for all leaks below 1.0E-3 mbar·l/s	Hard Vacuum Helium Leak Testing
Nuclear fuel rods, battery cells	1×10-8	6.11 bubbles per month
High vacuum components, high integrity valves for toxic media, bio-medical products	1×10-9	7.44 bubbles per year